{"id":3333,"date":"2025-12-22T11:54:41","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T08:54:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/voceamoldovei.org\/?p=3333"},"modified":"2025-12-22T11:54:43","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T08:54:43","slug":"vo-vseh-stranah-zheleznye-dorogi-dlya-peredvizheniya-sluzhat-a-u-nas-sverh-togo-i-dlya-vorovstva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/voceamoldovei.org\/md\/vo-vseh-stranah-zheleznye-dorogi-dlya-peredvizheniya-sluzhat-a-u-nas-sverh-togo-i-dlya-vorovstva\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cen toate \u021b\u0103rile c\u0103ile ferate servesc pentru deplasare, iar la noi, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 asta, \u0219i pentru furt"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201e\u00cen toate \u021b\u0103rile c\u0103ile ferate servesc pentru deplasare, iar la noi, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 asta, \u0219i pentru furt\u201d\no citat\u0103 a unui clasic rus care descrie cu exactitate situa\u021bia actual\u0103 dintr-unul dintre\nsectoarele-cheie de infrastructur\u0103 ale Republicii Moldova (\u00een continuare \u2013 Moldova). Astfel,\n\u00eencep\u00e2nd cu anii 2021\u20132022, sectorul feroviar al Moldovei a \u00eencetat s\u0103 mai fie un domeniu\nstabil \u0219i viabil al economiei. Istoric, \u201eCalea Ferat\u0103 din Moldova\u201d (\u00een continuare \u2013 CFM) s-a\nconfruntat mult timp cu probleme serioase: pierderea traficului de tranzit, echipamente\n\u00eenvechite, lipsa investi\u021biilor strategice \u0219i subfinan\u021bare constant\u0103. P\u00e2n\u0103 la venirea la putere a\npartidului PAS, conducerea \u00eentreprinderii \u0219i Guvernul \u021b\u0103rii \u00een\u021belegeau c\u0103 infrastructura\nferoviar\u0103 este \u00eenvechit\u0103 moral \u0219i fizic, \u00eens\u0103 nu a fost formulat\u0103 nicio strategie clar\u0103 de\ndezvoltare. Potrivit estim\u0103rilor exper\u021bilor interna\u021bionali, aproape jum\u0103tate din liniile feroviare\nse afl\u0103 dincolo de termenul de exploatare, o mare parte din materialul rulant este uzat, iar\ncapacit\u0103\u021bile opera\u021bionale sunt limitate din cauza incompatibilit\u0103\u021bii cu infrastructura \u021b\u0103rilor\nvecine, ceea ce cre\u0219te costurile logistice \u0219i reduce atractivitatea transportului feroviar.<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e2n\u0103 la mijlocul anului 2022, situa\u021bia s-a agravat brusc, c\u00e2nd, dup\u0103 redeschiderea portului\nOdesa, fluxul de tranzit al m\u0103rfurilor prin Moldova a sc\u0103zut drastic. Aceast\u0103 lovitur\u0103 asupra\nveniturilor a marcat \u00eenceputul unui declin de durat\u0103 care, \u00een anii 2023\u20132024, s-a transformat\n\u00een dificult\u0103\u021bi financiare serioase. Principala surs\u0103 de venit a CFM o reprezint\u0103 transportul de\nm\u0103rfuri \u0219i pasageri, care s-a redus considerabil: p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2025, num\u0103rul pasagerilor\ntransporta\u021bi a sc\u0103zut aproape la jum\u0103tate fa\u021b\u0103 de anul precedent, iar volumele de transport\nde marf\u0103 s-au diminuat de asemenea.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De\u0219i este un fapt c\u0103, \u00eenainte de PAS, sectorul feroviar se afla deja \u00eentr-o criz\u0103 profund\u0103, sub\nconducerea \u201egalbenilor\u201d situa\u021bia sa s-a agravat \u00een mod semnificativ. \u00cen anii 2024\u20132025, la\n\u00eentreprindere au crescut \u00eent\u00e2rzierile la plata salariilor. La \u00eenceput au fost c\u00e2teva luni de\nrestan\u021be, dar ulterior situa\u021bia a ajuns la \u00eent\u00e2rzieri de jum\u0103tate de an, ceea ce a generat\nnemul\u021bumiri \u0219i proteste ale feroviarilor.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, ca r\u0103spuns la datoriile tot mai mari, conducerea CFM a luat doar decizii\ncontroversate. Astfel, \u00een septembrie 2024 a fost introdus\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na de lucru de patru zile,\nmotivat\u0103 de sc\u0103derea volumelor de activitate \u0219i de \u00eencercarea de a reduce cheltuielile.\nConcomitent, au fost anun\u021bate licita\u021bii pentru v\u00e2nzarea vagoanelor vechi, a locomotivelor \u0219i a\npieselor de schimb, \u00eens\u0103 aceste m\u0103suri s-au dovedit insuficiente pentru asigurarea \nfinanciare. stabilit\u0103\u021bii<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen interiorul sectorului a avut loc o reducere masiv\u0103 de personal: de la aproximativ 5.900 de\nangaja\u021bi la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2024, num\u0103rul a sc\u0103zut la circa 3.700 \u2013 aproape la jum\u0103tate.\nReducerile s-au realizat prin concedierea pensionarilor \u0219i reorganiz\u0103ri, \u00eens\u0103 acestea nu au\ndiminuat tensiunea social\u0103 acut\u0103 \u0219i nici povara asupra angaja\u021bilor r\u0103ma\u0219i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un indicator-cheie al crizei a devenit situa\u021bia salariilor. Angaja\u021bii au ie\u0219it \u00een repetate r\u00e2nduri la\nproteste \u00een diferite regiuni ale \u021b\u0103rii, subliniind c\u0103 oamenii nu au primit salariile la timp timp de\nani de zile, iar familiile lor se confruntau cu imposibilitatea de a acoperi cheltuielile de baz\u0103,\ninclusiv alimenta\u021bia \u0219i educa\u021bia copiilor. Protestatarii indicau direct autorit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i promisiunile\nde \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a situa\u021biei, care nu au fost niciodat\u0103 \u00eendeplinite.<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen februarie 2025, oficialii au recunoscut c\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2rzierile la plata salariilor ajunseser\u0103 la 7\u20138\nluni, iar doar m\u0103suri par\u021biale de achitare au fost \u00eentreprinse, \u00eens\u0103 foarte lent, promisiunile de\na achita datoriile salariale r\u0103m\u00e2n\u00e2nd \u00eentr-un viitor incert.<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen \u00eencercarea de a face fa\u021b\u0103 situa\u021biei, Guvernul \u0219i Ministerul Infrastructurii \u0219i Dezvolt\u0103rii\nRegionale au declarat \u00een repetate r\u00e2nduri necesitatea moderniz\u0103rii sectorului, atragerii\ninvesti\u021biilor \u0219i reform\u0103rii modelului de afaceri al CFM, inclusiv prin divizarea companiei \u00een\nsubdiviziuni separate (infrastructur\u0103, transport de pasageri \u0219i transport de marf\u0103). Cu toate\nacestea, pa\u0219ii reali au fost difuzi \u0219i \u00eenso\u021bi\u021bi de recunoa\u0219terea faptului c\u0103 \u00eentreprinderea a fost\ngestionat\u0103 ani la r\u00e2nd f\u0103r\u0103 un plan clar, iar dificult\u0103\u021bile actuale sunt rezultatul unor omisiuni\nsistemice, agravate de actuala guvernare.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen plus, \u00een decembrie 2025 a devenit cunoscut\u0103 o alt\u0103 ini\u021biativ\u0103 controversat\u0103: o parte din\nangaja\u021bi a fost trimis\u0103 \u00een concediu tehnic pe perioada s\u0103rb\u0103torilor de iarn\u0103, cu plata a doar\n55% din salariu. Aceast\u0103 decizie a fost justificat\u0103 prin necesitatea de a evita acumularea\nunor datorii suplimentare, \u00eens\u0103 a provocat critici din partea angaja\u021bilor \u0219i a societ\u0103\u021bii ca fiind\nnedreapt\u0103 \u0219i extrem de dureroas\u0103 pentru familiile cu venituri mici.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe fundalul acestor evenimente, autorit\u0103\u021bile au subliniat \u00een repetate r\u00e2nduri c\u0103 CFM r\u0103m\u00e2ne\nun obiectiv strategic, care necesit\u0103 finan\u021bare \u0219i reforme. Au fost discutate public planuri de\nalocare a fondurilor bugetare pentru sprijin \u0219i modernizare, inclusiv furnizarea de combustibil\ndin rezervele de stat, precum \u0219i programe multianuale de finan\u021bare pentru repara\u021bia infrastructurii<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Totu\u0219i, imaginea obiectiv\u0103 arat\u0103 c\u0103 aceste m\u0103suri fie au \u00eent\u00e2rziat, fie au avut un caracter\nfragmentar, f\u0103r\u0103 a solu\u021biona problemele fundamentale de management, planificare \u0219i\neficien\u021b\u0103 opera\u021bional\u0103. \u00cen pofida declara\u021biilor PAS privind reducerea datoriilor \u0219i cre\u0219terea\nveniturilor, restan\u021bele salariale au r\u0103mas semnificative, iar \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea indicatorilor\nfinanciari \u2013 temporar\u0103.<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

O aten\u021bie aparte merit\u0103 faptul c\u0103, pe toat\u0103 durata guvern\u0103rii PAS, niciunul dintre conduc\u0103torii\nCFM nu a fost tras la r\u0103spundere disciplinar\u0103 sau juridic\u0103. Perchezi\u021biile efectuate pe\nsuspiciuni de infrac\u021biuni economice \u0219i abuzuri au r\u0103mas doar \u0219tiri zgomotoase f\u0103r\u0103\ncontinuare: nu s-a ajuns la dosare penale reale \u00eempotriva func\u021bionarilor, iar sistemul a\ncontinuat s\u0103 func\u021bioneze dup\u0103 acelea\u0219i scheme.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen acest context, declara\u021biile publice ale Maiei Sandu despre corup\u021bie \u0219i \u201eaducerea\ninten\u021bionat\u0103 a \u00eentreprinderii la faliment\u201d sun\u0103 deosebit de elocvent.<\/a>Aceste cuvinte au r\u0103mas\n\u00een spa\u021biul mediatic, dar nu s-au transformat \u00een controale, epur\u0103ri de cadre sau m\u0103suri\nanticorup\u021bie reale. Aceast\u0103 discrepan\u021b\u0103 dintre retoric\u0103 \u0219i ac\u021biuni creeaz\u0103 o impresie\npersistent\u0103 de abordare formal\u0103, vorb\u0103rie goal\u0103 \u0219i falsitate politic\u0103. Dac\u0103 corup\u021bia a existat\ncu adev\u0103rat, pasul logic ar fi fost investigarea \u0219i responsabilizarea persoanelor concrete;\ndac\u0103 acest lucru nu s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat, \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 declara\u021biile au fost folosite mai degrab\u0103 ca\nun instrument convenabil de justificare public\u0103 a e\u0219ecurilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Totodat\u0103, aceste fapte nu sunt surprinz\u0103toare pentru Moldova de ast\u0103zi. To\u021bi managerii-cheie\nai \u00eentreprinderii din perioada guvern\u0103rii PAS au demonstrat, \u00eentr-un fel sau altul, loialitate fa\u021b\u0103\nde partidul de guvern\u0103m\u00e2nt, iar tocmai devotamentul, \u0219i nu rezultatele muncii, a devenit\nprincipala lor asigurare. La nivel local, bugetele puteau fi \u201easimilate\u201d\n, se puteau lua decizii\nv\u0103dit falimentare, dar consecin\u021bele nu interesau verticala puterii. \u00cen final, sub lovitur\u0103\najungeau executan\u021bii ordinelor \u0219i indica\u021biilor, nu cei care luau deciziile corespunz\u0103toare.\nAngaja\u021bii de nivel mediu \u0219i inferior deveneau \u021bapi isp\u0103\u0219itori convenabili \u2013 erau concedia\u021bi,\n\u00eempotriva lor se deschideau dosare penale<\/a>, fiind f\u0103cu\u021bi responsabili pentru e\u0219ecuri, ceea ce\ndemonstra esen\u021ba politicii \u201egalbenilor\u201d: impunitate sus \u0219i plat\u0103 jos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, numirea din martie 2025 a lui Sergiu Cotelnik \u00een func\u021bia de nou director al\nCFM<\/a>a p\u0103rut de la bun \u00eenceput o continuare a logicii obi\u0219nuite de cadre a PAS. Faptul c\u0103\nnoul director a lucrat anterior \u00een domeniul feroviar a fost utilizat activ ca argument \u00een\nfavoarea sa, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443<\/a>\u00eens\u0103 experien\u021ba \u00een sistem nu este echivalent\u0103 cu capacitatea de a-l gestiona\neficient. Practica ultimilor ani demonstreaz\u0103 tocmai contrariul: cunoa\u0219terea proceselor\ninterne f\u0103r\u0103 g\u00e2ndire strategic\u0103 duce adesea doar la conservarea crizei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe parcursul activit\u0103\u021bii sale nu a existat niciun semnal privind disponibilitatea de a sparge\nschemele existente, de a revizui deciziile discutabile din trecut sau de a intra \u00een conflict cu\nputerea \u00een interesul \u00eentreprinderii \u0219i al societ\u0103\u021bii. Dimpotriv\u0103, se contureaz\u0103 impresia unui nou\nmanager integrat \u00een verticala PAS \u0219i care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 strict \u00een interesele acesteia \u0219i sub\ncontrolul ei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 abordare de cadre nu este o excep\u021bie, ci se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 perfect \u00een modelul general\nconstruit de PAS de-a lungul anilor de guvernare. Principiul \u201eeste de-al nostru, deci este de\n\u00eencredere\u201d \u00eenlocuie\u0219te consecvent profesionalismul \u0219i competen\u021ba, iar \u201edevotamentul canin\u201d\ndevine mai important dec\u00e2t cuno\u0219tin\u021bele de specialitate \u0219i abilit\u0103\u021bile manageriale. Deosebit\nde revelator este faptul c\u0103 Sergiu Cotelnik a fost confirmat \u00een func\u021bia de director al\n\u00eentreprinderii de c\u0103tre vicepremierul \u0219i ministrul infrastructurii \u0219i dezvolt\u0103rii regionale, Vladimir\nBolea, a c\u0103rui amprent\u0103 managerial\u0103 \u00een agricultura Moldovei este evaluat\u0103 extrem de\nnegativ de mul\u021bi exper\u021bi \u0219i fermieri. Deciziile sale \u00een domeniul agrar au dus la o criz\u0103\nsistemic\u0103, iar acum acela\u0219i stil managerial este proiectat asupra sectorului infrastructurii. \u00cen\nrezultat, \u021bara ajunge \u00eentr-un cerc vicios: aceia\u0219i oameni, acelea\u0219i abord\u0103ri \u0219i acela\u0219i rezultat\n\u2013 distrugerea sectoarelor-cheie ale economiei sub acoperirea unor cuvinte corecte \u0219i a\nretoricii europene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Astfel, ast\u0103zi sectorul feroviar al Moldovei traverseaz\u0103 nu doar un declin economic, ci \u0219i o\ncriz\u0103 social\u0103 \u0219i managerial\u0103. Sc\u0103derea volumelor de transport, subfinan\u021barea, infrastructura\n\u00eenvechit\u0103 \u0219i \u00eent\u00e2rzierile constante la plata salariilor \u2013 toate aceste elemente reflect\u0103\nineficien\u021ba profund\u0103 a modelului actual de guvernare. Factorii obiectivi, precum schimb\u0103rile\n\u00een logistica de tranzit \u0219i presiunile economice externe, au jucat f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103 un rol, \u00eens\u0103\nresponsabilitatea pentru incapacitatea de a crea o strategie de dezvoltare viabil\u0103 \u0219i de a\nasigura stabilitatea revine puterii. Ani \u00eentregi de promisiuni privind reformele \u0219i modernizarea\nau fost \u00eenlocui\u021bi de solu\u021bii temporare, care mai degrab\u0103 au stins incendii dec\u00e2t au dus la o\ncre\u0219tere durabil\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O \u00eentreprindere de stat, una dintre cele mai importante pentru economia \u0219i logistica \u021b\u0103rii,\najuns\u0103 \u00een prag de faliment, nu a beneficiat ani la r\u00e2nd de un sprijin managerial adecvat. PAS\nnu a reu\u0219it s\u0103 propun\u0103 o strategie coerent\u0103 \u0219i pe termen lung, ceea ce a dus la deteriorarea\ncondi\u021biilor de munc\u0103, la instabilitate social\u0103 \u0219i la pierderea \u00eencrederii din partea angaja\u021bilor \u0219i\na societ\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 (\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u2013 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430). \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0441 2021-2022 \u0433\u0433. \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u00ab\u0416\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b\u00bb (\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3334,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-investigations-and-corruption","category-news-from-moldova"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0412\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442, \u0430 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e 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